16th Amendment
(Income Tax)
The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on
incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment
among the several states, and without regard to any census or
enumeration. (1913)
17th Amendment
(Election of
Senators)
The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two
Senators from each state, elected by the people thereof, for six
years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in
each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors
of the most numerous branch of the state legislatures.
(1913)
When vacancies happen in the representation of any state in
the Senate, the executive authority of such state shall issue
writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided, that the
legislature of any state may empower the executive thereof to
make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies
by election as the legislature may direct.
This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the
election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid
as part of the Constitution.
18th Amendment
(Prohibition)
Section 1. After one year from the ratification of
this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of
intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or
the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory
subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is
hereby prohibited.
Section 2. The Congress and the several states shall
have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate
legislation.
Section 3. This article shall be inoperative unless
it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution
by the legislatures of the several states, as provided in the
Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission
hereof to the states by the Congress. (1919)
19th Amendment
(Women's
Right to Vote)
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not
be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on
account of sex.
Congress shall have power to enforce this article by
appropriate legislation. (1920)
20th Amendment
(Presidential
Term and Succession)
Section 1. The terms of the President and Vice
President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the
terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of
January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if
this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their
successors shall then begin.
Section 2. The Congress shall assemble at least once
in every year, and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3d
day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different
day.
Section 3.
If, at the time fixed for the beginning of the term of the
President, the President elect shall have died, the Vice
President elect shall become President. If a President shall not
have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning of his
term, or if the President elect shall have failed to qualify,
then the Vice President elect shall act as President until a
President shall have qualified; and the Congress may by law
provide for the case wherein neither a President elect nor a
Vice President elect shall have qualified, declaring who shall
then act as President, or the manner in which one who is to act
shall be selected, and such person shall act accordingly until a
President or Vice President shall have qualified.
Section 4. The Congress may by law provide for the
case of the death of any of the persons from whom the House of
Representatives may choose a President whenever the right of
choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the
death of any of the persons from whom the Senate may choose a
Vice President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved
upon them.
Section 5. Sections 1 and 2 shall take effect on the
15th day of October following the ratification of this article.
Section 6. This article shall be inoperative unless
it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution
by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several states
within seven years from the date of its submission. (1933)
21st Amendment
(Repeal
of Prohibition)
Section 1.
The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the
United States is hereby repealed.
Section 2. The transportation or importation into any
state, territory, or possession of the United States for
delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation of
the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited.
Section 3. This article shall be inoperative unless
it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution
by conventions in the several states, as provided in the
Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission
hereof to the states by the Congress. (1933)
22nd Amendment
(Two Term Limit on President)
Section 1. No person shall be elected to the office
of the President more than twice, and no person who has held the
office of President, or acted as President, for more than two
years of a term to which some other person was elected President
shall be elected to the office of the President more than once.
But this article shall not apply to any person holding the
office of President when this article was proposed by the
Congress, and shall not prevent any person who may be holding
the office of President, or acting as President, during the term
within which this article becomes operative from holding the
office of President or acting as President during the remainder
of such term.
Section 2. This article shall be inoperative unless
it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution
by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several states
within seven years from the date of its submission to the states
by the Congress. (1951)
23rd Amendment
(Presidential
Vote in D.C.)
Section 1.
The District constituting the seat of government of the United
States shall appoint in such manner as the Congress may direct:
A number of electors of President and Vice President equal to
the whole number of Senators and Representatives in Congress to
which the District would be entitled if it were a state, but in
no event more than the least populous state; they shall be in
addition to those appointed by the states, but they shall be
considered, for the purposes of the election of President and
Vice President, to be electors appointed by a state; and they
shall meet in the District and perform such duties as provided
by the twelfth article of amendment.
Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce
this article by appropriate legislation. (1961)
24th Amendment
(Poll
Tax)
Section 1.
The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any
primary or other election for President or Vice President, for
electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or
Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by
the United States or any state by reason of failure to pay any
poll tax or other tax.
Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce
this article by appropriate legislation. (1964)
25th Amendment
(Presidential
Succession)
Section 1.
In case of the removal of the President from office or of his
death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President.
Section 2. Whenever there is a vacancy in the office
of the Vice President, the President shall nominate a Vice
President who shall take office upon confirmation by a majority
vote of both Houses of Congress.
Section 3. Whenever the President transmits to the
President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House
of Representatives his written declaration that he is unable to
discharge the powers and duties of his office, and until he
transmits to them a written declaration to the contrary, such
powers and duties shall be discharged by the Vice President as
Acting President.
Section 4. Whenever the Vice President and a majority
of either the principal officers of the executive departments or
of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit to
the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the
House of Representatives their written declaration that the
President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his
office, the Vice President shall immediately assume the powers
and duties of the office as Acting President.
Thereafter, when the President transmits to the President pro
tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of
Representatives his written declaration that no inability
exists, he shall resume the powers and duties of his office
unless the Vice President and a majority of either the principal
officers of the executive department or of such other body as
Congress may by law provide, transmit within four days to the
President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House
of Representatives their written declaration that the President
is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office.
Thereupon Congress shall decide the issue, assembling within
forty-eight hours for that purpose if not in session. If the
Congress, within twenty-one days after receipt of the latter
written declaration, or, if Congress is not in session, within
twenty-one days after Congress is required to assemble,
determines by two-thirds vote of both Houses that the President
is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the
Vice President shall continue to discharge the same as Acting
President; otherwise, the President shall resume the powers and
duties of his office. (1967)
26th Amendment
(Right
to Vote at Age 18)
Section 1.
The right of citizens of the United States, who are 18 years of
age or older, to vote, shall not be denied or abridged by the
United States or any state on account of age.
Section 2. The Congress shall have the power to
enforce this article by appropriate legislation. (1971)
27th Amendment
(Compensation
of Members of Congress)
No law, varying the compensation
for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take
effect, until an election of Representatives shall have
intervened. (1992)
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